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Open manufacturing

To open trade, also known as Open production, the Creator of the production, and with the slogan of "global design, local production" is a new model of socio-economic production in which physical objects are produced in an open, collaborative and ...

Pancasila economics

Pancasila economy, also known as "Indonesian populist Economics" is an economic system, which is designed to reflect the five principles of Pancasila. The term "Pancasila economy" first appeared in the article Emil Salim in 1967. Mubyarto is one ...

Participatory economics

The economy of participation, often abbreviated ParEcon, is an economic system based on decision-making as the primary economic mechanism for the distribution in society. In the system, say in decisions proportional impact on a person or group of ...

Pay what you want

Pay what you want-a pricing strategy where buyers pay their required amount for a given commodity, sometimes including zero. In some cases, the minimum price can be set and / or suggested price may be indicated as guidance for the buyer. The buye ...

Planned economy

A planned economy is type economic system where investment, production and distribution of capital goods occurring in the economy economic plans and production plans. A planned economy can use centralized, decentralized or participatory forms of ...

Planned liberalism

Planned liberalism is an economic policy in Cameroon since 1960-ies, which aims to combine the best concepts of capitalism and socialism. In 1965, Cameroon has changed compared to the previous economic philosophy, African socialism, under the lea ...

Plantation economy

A plantation economy is an economy based on agriculture mass production, typically, several cash crops grown on large farms called plantations. The plantation economies rely on exports of cash crops as a source of income. Prominent crops included ...

Platform economy

The platform economy is an economic and social activity contributes to platforms. Such platforms are usually online Matchmakers or through technology. By far the most common type are "deal platforms", also known as "digital Matchmakers". Examples ...

Platform ecosystem

Many markets are structured as platform ecosystems where stable core mediates the relationships between different supplements and potential end users.

Political economy

Political economy is the study of production and trade and their relations with law, custom, and government, and with the distribution of national income and wealth. As a discipline, political economy originated in moral philosophy, in the 18th c ...

Post-capitalism

Post-capitalism includes a number of proposals for a new economic system to replace capitalism, or to speculate about the fate of the current form of socio-economic order. According to some classical Marxist and some social evolutionary theories, ...

Post-Fordism

Of post-Fordism is the dominant system of economic production consumption and associated socio-economic phenomena in most industrialized countries since the late 20th century. It is contrasted with Fordism, the system formulated in Henry Fords au ...

Post-industrial economy

The post-industrial economy is a period of growth in an industrialized economy or nation in which the relative importance of production is declining and that of services, information, and research grows. Such countries are often marked by: The de ...

Price system

In the economy, the price system is a component of any economic system that uses prices expressed in any form of money for the evaluation and distribution of goods and services and factors of production. Except in remote and primitive communities ...

Production for use

Production for use is a phrase referring to the principle of economic organization and production taken as a defining criterion for a socialist economy. It is held in contrast to production for profit. This criterion is used to distinguish social ...

Proprietism

The emergence of independent workforce has been documented by Daniel H. Pink, in his 2001 book free agent nation: the future of working for yourself. Depending on the precise definition for independent work, the reports on Assessment of this type ...

State ownership

State ownership, also called public ownership and state ownership is the ownership of the industry, assets, businesses or state or public body to represent the community, unlike an individual or a private person. State ownership refers to the sec ...

Real-time economy

Real-time economy is an environment where all transactions between business entities is carried out in a digital format, all automatically, and runs in real-time without store and forward processing. The real-time enterprise is a giant spreadshee ...

Rentier state

In the current political science and international relations theory, a rentier state is the state that receives all or a significant portion of its national income from the lease of local resources to external clients.

Sabbath economics

Saturday economy is an economic system championed by the Christian theologian Ched Myers. The model is the application of the economic aspects of biblical Sabbath to modern socio-economic situation. In the introduction of his book introducing thi ...

Shortage economy

"Deficit" is a term coined by Hungarian economist Janos Kornai, who used this term to criticize the old centrally-planned economy of the Communist States of the Eastern bloc. In his article, 1980 Economics of shortage, Kornai argued that the chro ...

Social welfare model

Model of social security the social security system and its accompanying system of values. Usually it involves social policies that affect the welfare of the citizens of the country in a market or mixed economy.

Socialism

Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production and workers self-management, as well as the political theories and movements associated with them. Social ownership can be public, co ...

Socialist mode of production

The socialist mode of production, also referred to as the lower stage of communism or simply socialism, as Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the terms socialism and communism interchangeably, a particular historical stage of economic developmen ...

Socialist perspectives on abortion

Socialist views on abortion vary, some socialist people believe in the legalization and the right to abortion on demand. While others do not believe abortion should be legal in any case for a number of reasons. Socialism affected in a number of c ...

Socialist-oriented market economy

Socialist-oriented market economy is the official name of the present economic system in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. It is described as a diversified market economy where the public sector plays a crucial role in managing economic developm ...

Social ownership

Public property is any of various forms of ownership of the means of production in a socialist economic system, including state ownership, employee ownership, cooperative ownership, citizen ownership of equity, shared ownership and collective own ...

State capitalism

State capitalism is an economic system in which the state undertakes commercial activity and where the means of production and methods of management in public enterprises, or where otherwise, dominance of corporatized state bodies or public corpo ...

Steady-state economy

A stable economy is the economy has reached a constant stock of physical wealth and permanent population. In fact, this economy is not growing over time. The term usually refers to the national economy of a particular country, but it is also appl ...

Subsistence economy

A subsistence economy is a non-monetary economy which relies on natural resources to provide basic needs through hunting gathering and subsistence agriculture. "Person" means supporting himself at a minimum level, in a subsistence economy, econom ...

Systematic risk

In Finance and Economics, systematic risk is vulnerability to events which affect aggregate outcomes such as broad market returns, Economics of resources of the enterprise, or aggregate income. In many contexts, events like earthquakes and weathe ...

Systematic trading

System trading is a way of defining goals in the areas of trade, risk management and rules, which can make investment and trading decisions in a planned manner. Systematic trading involves both manual trading systems as well as partial or full au ...

Systemic risk

Finance, systemic risk is the risk of collapse of the entire financial system or entire market, unlike the risk associated with any individual entity, group or component of the system, which can be contained therein without harming the entire sys ...

To each according to his contribution

"To each according to his work" is a principle of distribution is considered as one of the defining features of socialism. This refers to the scheme according to which the individual remuneration reflects the contribution to the social product, i ...

Traditional economy

Traditional economy-an economic system in which traditions, customs, and beliefs help to shape the goods and services the economy produces, as well as the rules and procedure for their distribution. Countries that use this type of economic system ...

Transition economy

A transition economy or transitional economy is an economy which is changing from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. The transition economies undergo a number of structural reforms aimed at the development of market institutions. Th ...

Unplanned economies

An unplanned economy is an economy in which economic decisions about production, investment and resource allocation are not linked together through conscious economic planning. This may relate to the existence at the level of the economy, systems ...

Vertical archipelago

The vertical archipelago is a term coined by sociologist and anthropologist John Victor Murra under the influence of economist Karl Polanyis to describe the native Andean agricultural economic model of accessing and distributing resources. With t ...

Virtual economy

Virtual economy is an emergent economy existing in a virtual world, usually exchanging virtual goods in the online game. People enter these virtual economies for recreation and entertainment rather than necessity, which means that virtual economi ...

Welfare capitalism

Welfare capitalism is capitalism that includes a policy in the field of social security. Welfare capitalism is also the practice of companies providing welfare services for their employees. Welfare capitalism in this second sense, or industrial p ...

Workers' self-management

Organizational self-government, also known as workers self-government, labor and autogestion is a form of organizational control based on self-governing workflows in the organization of the workforce. Self-management is a characteristic of many f ...

World-system

The world-system is a socio-economic system, within the framework of systems theory, which covers part or all parts of the globe, detailed structural total, the sum of the interactions between the polity. The world-system, as a rule, more than on ...

World-systems theory

World-systems Theory is a multidisciplinary, macro scale approach to world history and social change that emphasizes the world-system as a basic unit of social analysis. "World-system" refers to inter-regional and transnational division of labor, ...

Archaeology of trade

The archaeology of trade and exchange is a sub-discipline of archaeology, which determines how material goods and ideas moved through the people. The trade terms” and" exchange” have slightly different connotations: trade focuses on the far circu ...

Border trade

Border trade, in General, refers to the flow of goods and services across international borders between jurisdictions. In this sense, it is part of the normal legal trade that flows through standard database export / import Nations. However borde ...

Coastal coal-carrying trade of New South Wales

Coastal coal-carrying trade of New South Wales involved in the shipment of coal, mostly for local consumption, but for export or coal bunkering - Sea to Sydney from the Northern and southern coal fields of New South Wales. It happened in the 19th ...

Commerce

Commerce is the exchange of goods and services, especially on a large scale. It includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural and technological systems that work in the country or in international trade. In an economic sense, "Commerce" r ...

Commodity market

Commodity market is a market that trades in primary sector of the economy, not industrial products such as cacao, fruit and sugar. Raw materials are mined, such as gold and oil. Investors access about 50 major commodity markets worldwide with pur ...

Trading company

Trading companies are businesses working with different kinds of products which are sold for consumer business or government purposes. Trading companies buy a specialized range of products, maintain a stock or a shop and deliver products to custo ...

Countertrade

Countertrade means exchanging goods or services that are paid for, in whole or in part, with other goods or services instead of money. However, monetary valuation can be applied in barter for accounting purposes. In relations between sovereign St ...

List of countries by leading trade partners

For most economies in the world, their leading export and import trading partner in terms of value, either in European Union or China, and to a certain extent, USA and Japan, other countries such as Russia, Brazil, India and South Africa becoming ...

Trading diaspora

Trading diasporas were formed as a result of international trade, which led to the settlement of merchants in certain countries where they sell their products. Their importance for the global world was marked by their impact on the spread of cult ...

Domestic trade

Domestic trade, difrend from international trade, the exchange of domestic goods within the boundaries of the country. It can be divided into two categories, wholesale and retail. Wholesale trade related to the purchase of goods from manufacturer ...

Entrepot

A staging post or port of transhipment-the port, city or trading post where goods can be imported, stored or traded, as a rule, can be re-exported. These trading cities spawned by the growth of long distance trade. Such centres play an important ...

Haat bazaar

A Haat Bazaar, often referred to simply as Haat or hat, this open-air market, which serves as a trading place for local residents in rural areas and some cities of Nepal, India and Bangladesh. Haat bazaars are held on a regular basis, I.E or is i ...

Horse trading

Horse trade in its literal sense, refers to the buying and selling of horses, also called "horses.” In connection with the difficulty in assessing the merits of a horse offered for sale, the selling of horses offered great opportunities for disho ...

Off-price

Off-price is a trade format based on special rates. It refers to the sale of a wide range of original products from famous brands with tangible benefits to our customers. Discount-price stores usually offer lower prices compared to the cost of go ...

Part exchange

Part exchange or Internet part of the sharing is a form of contract. In the exchange, instead of one party to the contract paying money and the other party supplying goods / services, both parties supply goods / services, the first party supplyin ...

Permanent normal trade relations

The status of permanent normal trade relations is a legal designation in the United States for free trade with foreigners. In the United States, the name was changed from most favored nation status in 1998. In international trade the most-favored ...

Purchasing power parity

Purchasing power parity is a term that measures changes in prices in different places, using a specific item or items for the contrast of absolute purchasing power between different currencies. In many cases of PPP, we get the rate of inflation, ...

Rai stones

The Islands of Micronesia, YAP is known for its stone money known as Rai or FEI: great bagels, carved disks of calcite, up to 4 m in diameter. The smallest can be as little as 3.5 centimeters in diameter. There are about 6.000 large, circular sto ...

Trade in Iran's Safavid era

Trade in the era of the Safavids was conducted in the form of exchange of goods with goods and exchange of goods with cash. Large merchants had their agents travelling in various areas. Some merchants doing business in distant countries, such as ...

Saffron (trade)

In the context of trafficking, saffron is one of the worlds most expensive spices by weight. Saffron consists of stigmas plucked from the vegetative propagated and sterile Crocus sativus, known as saffron Crocus. The resulting dried "threads" are ...

Silent trade

Silent trade, also called silent barter, dumb barter, or trade a stock, it is a method by which traders who cannot speak each others language can trade without talking. The group will leave the goods in a prominent position and signal, Gong, fire ...

Space trade

Places of Commerce interplanetary or interstellar trade. Plans and ideas on how trade functions was published futurists and scientists from the 1960s years, although science-fiction writers were to include this trade for several decades.

The double thank-you of capitalism

Double thank you capitalism is the observation that when the merchant and the Customer money on a product, each through the other, by showing that the transaction is not only voluntary, but mutually beneficial. This is in contrast to the impressi ...

Tradability

Feasibility is a property of a product or service that can be sold in another location distant from where it was produced. Well, that is not tradable is called non-tradable. Different products have different levels of tradability: the higher the ...

Troaking

Troaking was a barter between the natives of Greenland and Scottish whalers. Since the signing of the Treaty of Kiel in 1814, before the occupation of Denmark by Nazi Germany in 1940, Greenland was a protected and very isolated society. The Danis ...

Wealth

Wealth is the abundance of valuable financial assets or material possessions that can be converted into a form that can be used for transactions. This includes the core meaning as held in the original old English word weal, which is from an Indo- ...

Absolute Poverty of Christ

The doctrine of absolute poverty of Christ was the doctrine associated with the Franciscan order of monks, particularly evident between 1210 and 1323. A key postulate of the doctrine of absolute poverty was that Christ and the apostles had no pro ...

Adolf Hitler's wealth and income

Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Nazi Germany and in the heart of world war II in Europe, earned millions of Reichsmarks throughout his political career, mainly due to the sale of his book "Mein Kampf" and his chancellors and presidents salary. After ...

Apostolic poverty

Apostolic poverty is a Christian doctrine professed in the thirteenth century the newly formed religious orders, known as friars, in response to calls for reform in the Catholic Church. In this, these orders attempted to live without ownership of ...

Christian views on poverty and wealth

There have been various Christian views on poverty and wealth. On one end of the spectrum is the view that rejects wealth and materialism as an evil that should be avoided and even fight. At the other end is a view which casts prosperity and well ...

Financial independence

Financial independence is the state of having sufficient income to pay those expenses for the rest of my life without having to be employed or dependent on others. Income without having to work is usually called passive income. There are many str ...

First class (aviation)

The first class is the class of service on some passenger Airliners are designed to be more luxurious than business class, premium economy and economy class. Initially, all the planes that offer only one service class, while the appearance of the ...

Hedonic treadmill

The hedonic treadmill also known as hedonic adaptation, is the observed tendency of humans to quickly return to relatively stable level of happiness despite major positive or negative events or life changes. According to this theory, as a person ...

List of countries by total wealth

National net assets, also known as national net worth is the total value of the assets of Nations after deduction of its liabilities. This refers to the total value of the net assets belonging to the citizens of the country in a set time. This in ...

Nouveau riche

Nouveau riche is a term used, usually pejoratively, to describe those whose wealth has been acquired in the framework of his generation, not the family inheritance. The equivalent English term is the "new rich" and new money ". Sociologically, No ...

Paper wealth

Paper wealth means wealth is measured in monetary value, reflected in the price of assets – how much money those assets can be sold for. Paper wealth to contrast with real wealth, which refers to those actual physical assets. For example, if a pe ...

Plutus

Plutos was the Greek God of wealth. He is either the son of Demeter and Iasion, with whom she was on the thrice-plowed field, or a child of Pluto and Persephone. In the theology of the Eleusinian mysteries he was regarded as a "divine child".

Prosperity theology

Prosperity theology is a controversial religious belief among some Protestant Christians who believe that financial blessing and physical health is always the will of God for them, and that faith, positive speech, and donations to religious cause ...

Wealth tax

The estate tax is a tax on the total value of personal assets, including Bank deposits, property, assets of insurance and pension plans, ownership of unincorporated enterprises, securities, and personal trusts. As a rule, liabilities are deducted ...

Wealth effect

Wealth effect-a change in spending that accompanies a change in the perception of wealth. Usually, the wealth effect of a positive cost changes in the same direction as that perceived wealth.

Wealth inequality in Latin America

Income inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean refers to the economic differences among the population of the region. Wealth inequality remains a serious problem despite strong economic growth and improving social indicators, which are obse ...

SESI Mathematics

Sesi mathematics project developed the website firjan system with the aim of improving the teaching of mathematics for high school students. The program consists of a number of initiatives, from the organization of advanced training courses of te ...

Educational stage

Levels of education are subdivisions of formal training, usually covering pre-school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education. United Nations for education, science and culture recognizes seven levels of education in ...

Adult education

Adult education differs from childrens education, is a practice in which adults engage in systematic and progressive self-educational activities in order to acquire new knowledge, skills, attitudes or values. It can mean any form of learning adul ...

Adult learner

An adult learner or, more often, a Mature student is a person who is older and involved in learning. Adults fall into specific criteria that test, and do not always have a high school diploma. Many adults go back to school to finish a degree, or ...

Advanced postgraduate

Several universities in the United Kingdom, advanced graduate students enrolled in the first year or first two years in graduate school. During this period, students usually study their specific field of research or to answer strange questions or ...

Age appropriateness

The difference in age or children is the development of norms of behavior largely agreed upon in society or among sociological and psychological authorities to be appropriate for a childs development of social skills. This behavior is divided int ...

Basic education

According to the International standard classification of education, basic education consists of two stages of primary education and secondary education.

Bejan

Bejan was the term for first-year students and undergraduates of the first year in Scottish universities. This term is rarely used, except in the University of Aberdeen at the University of St Andrews the word mutated into "Bejant". The phrase wa ...

College

College is an educational institution or a constituent part. College may be a degree awarding higher education institutions, the composition of a collegiate or Federal University, an institution providing vocational education or high school. In t ...

Colleges within universities in the United Kingdom

Colleges within universities in the UK can be divided into two broad categories: those in Federal universities such as the University of London, which are primarily educational institutions joined the Federation, and residential colleges in unive ...

Community education

Learning communities, also known as community education or training and the development of the local community, is the organization of incentive programs training and development social work with individuals and groups in their communities using ...

Continuing education

Continuing education is an all-inclusive term in a long list of secondary specialized educational events and programs. This term is used mainly in the United States and Canada. Recognized forms of post-secondary training activities in the field i ...

CSCOPE (education)

CSCOPE is a K-12 curriculum support system that has been widely adopted in Texas. It was established in Texas education center the cooperative Program.

Early childhood education

Preschool education is a branch of educational theory which relates to teaching children from birth to eight years. Traditionally, it is the equivalent of third grade. Appeared ECE studies in the Enlightenment, especially in European countries wi ...

Early college high school

At the beginning of the school initiative, a U.S. College allows students to receive a diploma of completion of secondary school and diploma from College, or up to two years of College credit, taking a mixture of high school and College classes. ...

Educational management

Educational management refers to the management of the education system, in which the group combines the human and material resources, to control, to plan, to develop strategies and implementation structures for the education system. Education-eq ...

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